The trial judge typically can not exercise judicial discretion with respect to registration. The majority of states and the federal government apply systems based on conviction offenses only, where registration requirement is triggered as a consequence of finding of guilt, or pleading guilty, to a sex offense regardless of the actual gravity of the crime. According to NCMEC, as of 2016 there were 859,500 registered sex offenders in United States. Public disclosure of offender information varies between the states depending on offenders' designated tier, which may also vary from state to state, or risk assessment result. All 50 states and the District of Columbia maintain sex offender registries that are open to the public via websites most information on offenders is visible to the public. Registries contain information about persons convicted of sexual offenses for law enforcement and public notification purposes. Sex offender registries in the United States exist at both the federal and state levels.
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